Addison's Disease
Important Details About Addison’s Disease
What is Addison’s Disease?
The rare disorder known as Addison’s diseases is caused by insufficient production of cortisol and aldosterone (both corticosteroids) by the adrenal glands. Another name for Addison’s disease is primary adrenal insufficiency. When the brain’s pituitary gland produces insufficient amounts of the hormone that prompts the adrenal gland to release cortisol, secondary adrenal insufficiency results. Although Addison’s diseases can cause weakness and exhaustion, it can also be adequately treated with hormone replacement therapy.
What are the symptoms of Addison’s Disease?
The sluggish progression of Addison’s diseases typically takes months. Weight loss, weakness in the muscles, exhaustion, low blood pressure, and occasionally darkening of the skin in both exposed and non-exposed areas of the body are the prominent symptoms.
Additional symptoms include: lack of appetite, desires for salt, low blood sugar, pain in the abdomen, muscles, and joints, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhoea, depression and irritability, irregular or nonexistent menstruation cycles, and hair loss.
What causes Addison’s Disease?
Anything that destroys the adrenal glands can lead to Addison’s disease. These include infections, cancers, bleeding, autoimmune diseases (when the body attacks its own tissues), type 1 diabetes, TB, and genetic abnormalities.
A tumour or anything else that affects the pituitary gland in the brain might result in secondary adrenal insufficiency. It may also result from abruptly stopping long-term steroid medication for other ailments including arthritis or asthma.
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What is an Addisonian crisis?
Addison’s diseases symptoms might occasionally strike out of nowhere. When symptoms increase as a result of an illness or accident, an Addisonian crisis may ensue. These include low blood pressure, severe vomiting and diarrhoea, abrupt lower back, leg, or abdominal pain, and loss of consciousness. Addisonian crises can be lethal if left untreated.
Those who have Addison’s diseases need to have their medicine changed in accordance with their individual needs in the event of an accident, sickness, vomiting, or excessive diarrhoea.
How is Addison’s Disease diagnosed?
A blood sugar test, an MRI or CT scan to examine the anatomy of the pituitary or adrenal glands, blood tests to measure hormone levels, and medical and family history are some of the methods used to diagnose Addison’s diseases.
How is Addison’s Disease treated?
Steroid replacement medication must be used for life in order to treat Addison’s disease. This involves testosterone replacement therapy, corticosteroid injections, pills, and occasionally increased salt (sodium) intake. If you have Addison’s diseases, you should think about carrying an emergency card or donning a medical alert bracelet. Usually, your doctor will need to provide you a plan on how to handle your steroid medicine and what to do in the event that you become ill. It’s crucial that you take your medications as directed; don’t stop taking them abruptly without first consulting your doctor.
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